Evaluation on College Students' Anxiety and Social Media Usage during Shanghai Closure

As COVID-19 mutates, the highly infectious omicron mutants (BA. 5.2., BF. 7) tension shrouded China. Given the internet information explosion and youth social media addiction, observing the mental impact on college students during the 2022 Shanghai closure is worthwhile. A pilot survey study was conducted to explore the anxiety levels of college students during the closure. The sample size was limited to 101 second-year college students. In addition to demographics, the survey involved the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, self-perceived COVID-19 anxiety, frequency of COVID-19 information reception, number of social media accounts, and number of electronic devices. Though 68.4% of students equipped with two electronic devices (N = 95) exceeded the students with only one electronic device, a Chi-square test showed that students with only one electronic device had the highest anxiety index (mean = 50). Further, the Kruskal-Wallis test indicated that the number of electronic devices affected the students' anxiety level (p = 0.027) while social media membership did not (p = 0.565). As a result, it was suggested that social media usage and pandemic information inputs among college students were significant concerns that required special attention from the government, schools, teachers, and families.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on teaching mathematics and students' knowledge, skills, and grades

As a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic and measures to secure public health, many processes have moved to the online space. The educational process is not an exception. Our main goal, which is presented in this article, was to re-design the educational process from face-to-face to distance learning in the Mathematics 1 course at the Technical University of Kosice. This article describes our approach to teaching, observations, and experience. This case study examines three factors: Firstly, the impact of distance education on overall assessments of students. Using descriptive statistics, the results of student evaluations were compared from the overall assessments for the last six academic years. It was found that distance learning does not affect excellent students and eliminates the number of students who do not pass. Secondly, the participation of students during online lessons, and thirdly, the use of electronic materials. The questionnaire survey and the data from the learning management system Moodle were used to examine the second and third factors. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the questionnaire survey data (frequencies, percentages and averages). An exploratory factor analysis was performed in order to assess the underlying key concepts regarding student evaluation of the teaching process. The exploratory factor analysis confirmed that this questionnaire followed the four key concepts. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

MEASURING THE KNOWLEDGE LEVEL OF COVID-19 AND ITS TREATMENT IN PHARMACISTS.

Objective: The aim of this study is to measure the knowledge level of pharmacists working in Turkey about COVID-19 Material(s) and Method(s): The online questionnaire consisting of 16 questions in the form of true-false, developed by the authors after a comprehensive review of the literature, was delivered to pharmacists via social media and professional platforms (such as WhatsApp, Gmail, Instagram, LinkedIn) using the Google form. 364 pharmacists from all over Turkey who filled out the questionnaire were included in the study. Result and Discussion: In this study carried out in Turkey, it was determined that 99.5% of the pharmacists had good knowledge. When the factors affecting the level of knowledge of COVID-19 were examined, in our study, no relationship was found with the independent variables since the level of knowledge was homogeneously high. In the literature, it is reported that age, years of professional experience, having a master's and doctorate education are associated with better knowledge, while the length of experience is associated with the level of knowledge, while in some studies it is stated that no feature is related. However, the fact that it is a cross-sectional study creates a limitation in explaining the cause-effect relationship. Although the number of participants met the sample, it would have been desirable to have more.Copyright © 2022 University of Ankara. All rights reserved.

Novice nurses knowledge and skill performance in high crisis situations during the COVID-19 pandemic

Background: The Covid-19 pandemic caused over 38,900 deaths in the state of Ohio with a cumulative hospitalization (March 2020-July 2022) of approximately 119,500. The pandemic propelled novice nurses to quickly demonstrate knowledge and skills of high crisis patient care, such as Advance Life Support (ALS) events. This forced organizations to rapidly deploy educational interventions to support the novice nurse's delivery of high-quality emergent patient care delivery. The literature supports simulation to improve the novice nurses' self-confidence yet, the literature remains unclear regarding how simulation enhances knowledge and skill performance, especially during a pandemic. Methods: Using an experimental randomized controlled, longitudinal, pre-test, post-test design, this study examined the effects of adding an on-line Advance Life Support (ALS) patient scenario module to the current ALS program when exploring participant training experience, knowledge, and skill of the required ALS concepts (initiating cardiopulmonary resuscitation, ECG rhythm recognition, pharmacology, and team communication) during high crisis patient care situations. A convenience sample (N=27) of novice nurses who are employed at a Mid-Western health system were randomly assigned to control and intervention groups. Both groups completed a demographic questionnaire followed by participation in a video-taped, ALS high fidelity simulation and debrief for evaluation of baseline knowledge and skill performance at baseline and at three months. Between the simulations (1 month) the intervention group received the same written clinical update as the control group, plus an independent on-line patient scenario of ALS concepts. Qualitative descriptors of the novice nurse's experience of participating in high crisis simulations were explored. Results: Nine participants completed this study. Quantitative descriptive statistics for trends noted, at baseline, both the control and intervention groups scored low (Control 25% n=4;Intervention 67% n=5) for the skills of "Initiating high quality CPR).". Post intervention, the control group missed CPR resuming in less than 10 seconds after defibrillating at 150-200 joules. When assessing the participants practice areas the control group had 3 of the 4 participants in the ICU and 1 in the Progressive Care units. This missed skill item could be contributed to the oversaturation of codes, coupled with the mental exhaustion form the pandemic, could lead to missed care even during practiced repetitive skills. Quantitative data trends for knowledge and skill coupled with the participant attrition rate of 67% (n=18) led to the exploration of the experience of novice nurses participating in ALS cardiac arrest training during a pandemic. Three qualitative descriptors emerged by examining the transcripts from the simulation debriefs for all simulations: team collaboration, mental distress, and increased confidence to incorporate new skills. Conclusions: On-line independent patient scenarios provided reinforcement of ALS knowledge and skill concepts. Critical knowledge and skill team communication principles may not be reinforced when providing patient care. Simulation debriefs allow the novice nurses to apply fundamental concepts in a safe learning environment. Novice nurses need scaffolding of knowledge to grow and maintain their knowledge, skill, and confidence. Future education experiences should be designed to allow for frequent dosing of simulations with structured debriefs. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

Successfully completed the European project to support and strengthen vaccine awareness

IMMUNION (Improving IMMunisation cooperation in the European UNION) is a European project having the objective to support vaccine strategies. The project (active from April 2021 to March 2023) has contributed to improve knowledge on vaccines and vaccinations among health professionals and the information circulation in different target groups, through a multistakeholder collaboration including institutions, associations and media. The IMMUNION consortium has been focusing on activities of survey, professional training and communication, even with the aim to sustain visibility and role of the Coalition for Vaccination. In particular, ISS has coordinated the Work Package on finalising vaccine communication tools to increase vaccination compliance in target communities.

Determinants of transmission COVID-19 in South Sulawesi

Background: Corona Virus (COVID-19) is a new respiratory viral infectious disease that can cause illnesses ranging from the common cold to severe acute respiratory syndrome. Subsequently, as of May 31, 2022, the government of South Sulawesi reported 143,276 confirmed cases, 2,463 deaths, and 140,395 recovered patients. Purpose: To analyze the impact of behavior, travel history, and comorbidities on the incidence of COVID-19 in South Sulawesi. Methods: This is observational research with a cross-sectional study design and was conducted from January-April 2022 in 7 districts of South Sulawesi Province. A population of 650 respondents with a total sample of 161 patients confirmed positive and 189 suspected of having COVID-19. The Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression were used to analyze the data. Results: There was a relationship between travel history (p 0.00;OR 2.19), knowledge (p 0.03;OR 1.74), and actions (p 0.00;OR 0.18) on the incidence of COVID-19. Additionally, no relationship was reported between comorbidities (p 0.85), attitudes (p 0.90), and level of knowledge (p 0.08 > (0.05)) on the incidence of COVID-19. The most influential variable in the rapid spread was travel history, with an exp(B) value of 2.19 CI (95%) (LL=1.26;UL=3.80). Conclusion: The results showed that travel history, knowledge, and actions made a major contribution to the spread of COVID-19 in South Sulawesi Province.

Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of palestinian students toward covid-19: A cross-sectional study during the first wave of the covid-19 pandemic

The knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of students concerning COVID-19 have an impact on their adherence to preventative procedures. This study aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward COVID-19 among school students. A descriptive cross-sectional design was used to assess the knowledge, practice, and attitudes of 600 students toward COVID-19. Study participants were recruited from schools between July and August 2020. The mean score of knowledge was 7.60 +/- 4.63, which reflects an unacceptable level of knowledge about COVID-19. Knowledge scores were significantly different across gender (p = 0.017), age groups (p = 0.008), the presence of a family member working in the health sector (p < 0.001), and economical level of family (p < 0.001). Being female, students aged 15-18, and those from high-income families obtained significantly higher knowledge scores. About 68.6% of the students possessed negative attitudes toward the successful control of COVID-19. This study found that more than half of students committed preventive procedures such as avoiding gatherings and practicing good hand hygiene during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, only 28.5% confirmed wearing a face mask when leaving their homes. This study affirms the necessity for immediate health initiatives aimed at increasing COVID-19 knowledge and, thereby, more positive attitudes toward preventative procedures. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

A study of rural domestic helpers knowledge, attitude, and practice of COVID-19 in Mizoram, India

Background: In times of an epidemic such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the public's knowledge and attitude toward the disease affects the ability to abide to different preventive measures. Aims and Objectives: (1) to assess the knowledge and awareness of the domestic helpers in a tribal population, (2) whether the domestic helpers practice appropriate preventative measures that are recommended by WHO. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was designed and carried out using questionnaire among rural domestic workers in Mizoram, above 14 years of age belonging to both Mizo and Non-Mizo ethnicity. Data were collected from 105 participants and analyzed through t-test, one-way analysis of variance and Pearson correlation analysis. Results: Majority of the respondents had higher secondary level of education (78.1%) and 95.2% could identify COVID-19 as a communicable disease. Almost all the participants (97.1%) were afraid of infection and the majority (92.4%) had fear of dying with the disease. Three-fourth of the participants were working during the pandemic of which 44.8% had volunteered. Media (68.6%) was the most common source of information about the disease. The education level was significantly associated with knowledge and attitude scores whereas there were no significant differences with respect to the practice (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Our findings indicate an overall good KAP of the rural domestic workers. Since these workers move from house to house and also take care of the vulnerable, and that they themselves and the families, they work for may be at an increased risk of infection with COVID-19, these findings are important from a health campaign perspective.

Human factors analysis and risk assessment during the spread of the COVID-19 epidemic: a case study of the 2019 Wuhan outbreak in China

Since the discovery of novel coronavirus pneumonia (Covid-19) in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, it has spread to other Chinese provinces and continents in just one month, becoming a "public health emergency of international concern". The undesired behaviors of the public and patients during the Covid-19 epidemic cannot be ignored, but few scholars have studied them. In this study, we firstly adopted a qualitative analysis method based on a theoretical paradigm to to summarize the human factors in the spread of the COVID-19 epidemic, and defined the concept of "human factors of the epidemic". Then, we analyzed the distribution characteristics of "human factors of epidemic" at each stage by using statistical analysis, and constructed a human factors model of epidemic evolution. Finally, a multi-subject risk assessment model was constructed using a fuzzy Bayesian network analysis method to quantify the human factors risk in the spread of the COVID-19 epidemic. The results of the study are as follows. (1) The human factors of the COVID-19 epidemic mainly focused on five aspects, including cognitive bias, defective design, management bias, environmental defects, and intentional violations. (2) There were differences in the human factors at different stages of the spread of the COVID-19 epidemic. In the outbreak stage, human factors of the COVID-19 epidemic showed complex trends, with factors such as lack of knowledge and low awareness still prevailing on the one hand, and factors such as lack of capacity, overtly agree but covertly oppose, dereliction of duty, concealment and misreporting, lack of resources, protection defects, design defects, escape/fleeing, and public gathering on the other hand also being more prominent. (3) The risk of the spread of the COVID-19 epidemic due to undesired human factors in the subjects involved was high (p=0.641) under conventional intervention scenarios. Risk factors such as low awareness, poor decision making, lack of resources, lack of awareness, system deficiencies, public agglomeration, inadequate protection, misreporting, and dereliction of duty had relatively large sensitivity factors and were key human factors for the spread of the epidemic in Wuhan. Finally, targeted recommendations are proposed based on the evolutionary pattern and risk level of the human factors of the COVID-19 epidemic.

Awareness towards COVID-19 prevention and factors related to the willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccine among people living with HIV/AIDS

Objective: To understand the awareness level towards coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) prevention and the willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccine among people living with HIV/AIDS, and to discuss the related factors. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted among people living with HIV/AIDS who visited the HIV clinic in the PLA General Hospital from June to December 2021.A general descriptive analysis, univariate and binary logistic regression analysis were performed to analyze data. Results: A total of 169 questionnaires were analyzed. Among them, 93.5%(158/169) would like to know more about COVID-19 related knowledge, 88.2%(149/169) were reminded to inject vaccine, 98.8%(167/169) would be far away from medium and high risk areas, 97.0%(164/169) would persuade others to follow the disease preventive requirements, 14.2%(24/169) thought that the propaganda was exaggerated, 30.8%(52/169) were worried about the safety of the vaccine, 80.5%(136/169) thought that they would feel relieved after the vaccination, and 98.2%(166/169) agreed that vaccination was the most effective way to fight against COVID-19. However, only 60.4%(102/169) were willing to receive COVID-19 vaccine. The major factors affecting vaccination intention were age and feeling safe after vaccination. Conclusions: People living with HIV/AIDS are more cautious about COVID-19 vaccination, therefore the coverage rate is relatively low.It is necessary for health providers to understand the specific situation of people living with HIV, and to enhance the heath education on the safety of COVID-19 vaccine especially among people with HIV/AIDS in order to improve the willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccine.

Improving COVID-19 knowledge in a community located in the Caroni municipality, Venezuela

Introduction: despite the devastating effect of COVID-19, many nations have lifted their restrictions. It is necessary to keep addressing this problem using the promotion via, in order to increase people's health training. Background: to assess the efficacy of an educational program performed to increase the level of knowledge concerning COVID-19 in patients who live in the Aponwao Village, Caroni, Venezuela, during the period November 2021-February 2022. Method: a pre-experimental intervention study was carried out, with a before-and-after design implied. A total of 85 patients were chosen as sample, selected by simple random sampling. It was applied a survey to all the patients selected, an educationaldidactic and interactive program was designed and implemented, and a final evaluation was carried out to verify the effectiveness of the program. Results: female sex was the most representative group (54.1%) and 41.2% of patients were in the age group of 25 to 44. The predominant risk factor was the non-use of means for prevention against COVID-19 infection (28.6%) and 17.6% of patients surveyed suffered from hypertension. Before carried out the intervention study, 48.2% of participants had an insufficient level of knowledge;after applied the educational program, 52.9% increase their knowledge passing to "Good" knowledge level. Conclusions: the implementation of the educational program made possible to increase the level of knowledge concerning COVID-19, so that its efficacy for preventing this infection in Primary Health Care it is effective.

Coaches' acquisition of sport science knowledge and the role of education providers

The aims of this thesis were to better understand how coaches perceived and accessed sport science knowledge and to determine the role of National Governing Bodies (NGBs) and further and higher education (FHE) in facilitating coach training and education in sport science. Additionally, studies sought to identify any barriers to more effective access and implementation to such knowledge within this population. Firstly, adopting a loosely structured interview approach, eight expert sport coaches were interviewed about their perceptions of sport science knowledge and practice. Thematic analysis of the interviews revealed three first-order themes;knowledge acquisition (KA), knowledge translation (KT), and qualities of practitioners and coaches (QPC). Formal methods of KA included Higher Education and National Governing Body (NGB) training, whilst blind faith and mentoring were both revealed to be sources of informal KA. Conceding advantage and complexity of language (de-jargonising) were both revealed to be barriers to KT, whilst the use of virtual learning environments and traditional workshops were both favoured as means to disseminate and translate knowledge. Opportunity, research lag and accessibility, and casual employment were all identified as barriers to successful KT. The most valued QPC in practitioners were expertise, knowledge of the sport, building rapport and humility, whilst an open mindset and clarity of performance objectives were identified for coaches. Much of the findings from the first study corroborate previous research examining coach training and education and the salient characteristics of sport science practitioners that support successful translation of knowledge into sport coaching practice. In addition, these expert coaches displayed features of adaptive expertise in their decision-making and approaches to sourcing new knowledge. To understand these results in the professional domain, a larger sample of sport coaches was surveyed on the location of sport science topics and disciplines in coach training and education, actual and preferred sources of knowledge, and the role and function of FHE, NGBs and Continued Professional Development (CPD) in coach development. A mixture of mostly non-formal, online methods were identified as popular actual sources of sport science knowledge, whilst informal methods were the most popular preferred source. This may be in part owing to COVID-19 restrictions, but also substantiates previous research investigating learning in sport coaching. Sport psychology and skill acquisition were rated the most important sport science disciplines, with a number of statistical differences observed between routine (Level 1 and 2) and adaptive (Level 3 and 4) experts in the level of importance placed on key sport science topics. No differences were observed between expertise level and location of these topics in the coaching curriculum. A number of recommendations are made in accordance with recent policy initiatives to re-evaluate and professionalise sport coaching in the UK. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

Two case studies examining how international graduate teaching assistants built mathematical literacy knowledge within the affordances and constraints of a calculus instructional system

As universities contend with high rates of student attrition from intended STEM majors, due to many students' difficulty in passing entry-level mathematics courses, they must examine the systems they have in place and determine how best to support these students. Historically, graduate teaching assistants (GTAs) are assigned to introductory calculus classes, which serve as undergraduate-level gatekeeping courses. On one hand, this allows for additional instructors to assist mathematics faculty;however, many universities do not provide adequate training in pedagogy for their GTAs. Untrained GTAs may not have the requisite pedagogical content knowledge to teach and support struggling students. GTAs should be prepared to teach both content and disciplinary literacy, so they can help students build mathematical knowledge.This two-case qualitative study examines how GTAs trained in pedagogical content knowledge are able to build mathematical literacy knowledge within a calculus instructional system through the theoretical lenses of Knowledge Building (Scardamalia & Bereiter, 2003), Ecological Systems (Bronfenbrenner, 1977) and Activity Systems (Engstrom, 1987). As acquisition of mathematical literacy and fluency in the mathematics spoken and written registers is imperative for students to progress in higher-level mathematics courses, experienced GTAs are positioned to provide supports for students who work toward achieving proficiency in calculus.Even working within system constraints, such as social distancing mandates during the covid-19 pandemic, these GTAs were able to draw on their pedagogical content knowledge to help remediate students in a hybrid classroom environment. Seven Knowledge Building principles surfaced in both the calculus system and the GTAs' classrooms. Universities should consider providing extensive training in pedagogy for their GTAs to become more effective instructors to help offset high attrition rates of their intended STEM majors. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

MEASURING THE KNOWLEDGE LEVEL OF COVID-19 AND ITS TREATMENT IN PHARMACISTS.

Objective: The aim of this study is to measure the knowledge level of pharmacists working in Turkey about COVID-19 Material(s) and Method(s): The online questionnaire consisting of 16 questions in the form of true-false, developed by the authors after a comprehensive review of the literature, was delivered to pharmacists via social media and professional platforms (such as WhatsApp, Gmail, Instagram, LinkedIn) using the Google form. 364 pharmacists from all over Turkey who filled out the questionnaire were included in the study. Result and Discussion: In this study carried out in Turkey, it was determined that 99.5% of the pharmacists had good knowledge. When the factors affecting the level of knowledge of COVID-19 were examined, in our study, no relationship was found with the independent variables since the level of knowledge was homogeneously high. In the literature, it is reported that age, years of professional experience, having a master's and doctorate education are associated with better knowledge, while the length of experience is associated with the level of knowledge, while in some studies it is stated that no feature is related. However, the fact that it is a cross-sectional study creates a limitation in explaining the cause-effect relationship. Although the number of participants met the sample, it would have been desirable to have more.Copyright © 2022 University of Ankara. All rights reserved.

MEASURING THE KNOWLEDGE LEVEL OF COVID-19 AND ITS TREATMENT IN PHARMACISTS.

Objective: The aim of this study is to measure the knowledge level of pharmacists working in Turkey about COVID-19 Material(s) and Method(s): The online questionnaire consisting of 16 questions in the form of true-false, developed by the authors after a comprehensive review of the literature, was delivered to pharmacists via social media and professional platforms (such as WhatsApp, Gmail, Instagram, LinkedIn) using the Google form. 364 pharmacists from all over Turkey who filled out the questionnaire were included in the study. Result and Discussion: In this study carried out in Turkey, it was determined that 99.5% of the pharmacists had good knowledge. When the factors affecting the level of knowledge of COVID-19 were examined, in our study, no relationship was found with the independent variables since the level of knowledge was homogeneously high. In the literature, it is reported that age, years of professional experience, having a master's and doctorate education are associated with better knowledge, while the length of experience is associated with the level of knowledge, while in some studies it is stated that no feature is related. However, the fact that it is a cross-sectional study creates a limitation in explaining the cause-effect relationship. Although the number of participants met the sample, it would have been desirable to have more.Copyright © 2022 University of Ankara. All rights reserved.

The effect of education, age, and gender on disease risk perception and disease severity perception at a community college during the COVID-19 pandemic

The purpose of this study was to measure the correlation between knowledge of viral disease and disease risk perception, disease severity perception, and mask wearing during the COVID-19 pandemic by level of education, age, and gender at a community college in Phoenix, Arizona. Participants were recruited by an email sent to all students, faculty, and staff at PVCC using an all-college email distribution list. Disease risk and severity perception were assessed with the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire 5, which was modified to include questions measuring participant age, education level, and whether they had ever taken a college biology course. Two additional question sets measured compliance of willingness to wear a face mask. Analysis showed a significant relationship between gender and mask wearing behavior and between knowledge of viral disease in combination with education level and the combined variables of disease risk perception, disease severity perception, and mask wearing behavior. No significant difference from having taken a biology course was found in risk perception, disease severity perception, and mask wearing behavior by age. The results suggest that formal higher education that includes a knowledge of viral disease influences how individuals perceive the severity and risk of COVID-19 and modify their mask wearing behavior accordingly. Gender influences people's willingness to wear a mask, even though it has no effect of risk perception or severity perception. The results can be used to modify existing health education strategies. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)

Consumer awareness about COVID-19 agency SARS-CoV-2 and protection methods in food safety

Objective: The aim of this research is to determine the methods used by consumers from all regions of the country to evaluate the COVID-19 factor SARSCoV-2 virus in terms of food safety and to protect against it. Materials and Methods: The data obtained as a result of the research were evaluated using the mean, probability value (p value), percentage values and squared (X2) importance test with the Minitab program. Results 74.35% of the 1006 people know that SARSCoV-2 Virus is the virus that causes COVID-19.41.25% think that the SARS-CoV-2 virus that causes COVID-19 is transmitted through food.65.90% of consumers think that SARS-CoV-2 virus will be protected by following all general hygiene rules and 53.67% by opting for packaged food that is not sold in the open. Conclusion: Based on the results of the survey, it was thought that the COVID-19 virus could be transmitted through food, but the accuracy of this information could not be definitively proven.

COVID-19 induced emergent knowledge strategies

The pandemic of COVID-19 is considered the most complex global process generated so far due to its unprecedented power of disruption, interconnection, and lockdowns in all the domains of our life, from health to economy, education, research, culture, sports, and social isolation. The COVID-19 crisis came like any other natural disaster, finding people and organizations unprepared for disruptive power and social nexus. The unthinkable became a reality, and people realized that organizations and governments have no strategies to fight against such a pandemic. They found out that the strategic knowledge gap is enormous, and the only way to navigate this crisis is to create emergent knowledge strategies. This paper aims to analyze the characteristics of emergent knowledge strategies by comparing them with deliberate knowledge strategies and showing how people can develop such new kinds of strategies. The analysis is based on criteria like time perception, systems thinking, type of knowledge, type of changes, and complexity. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

Implications of online, hybrid and in-person design studio teaching after the pandemic a grounded theory approach

Distance and Blended education have been studied and applied in many disciplines but there has been limited use and assessment of these learning modes for design studios. The Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic has forced education delivery methods in the United States to become more online/hybrid in the 2020 school year without much preparation. As schools slowly shift to post-pandemic teaching modes, it is necessary to examine and evaluate what was learned during the pandemic online environment for design education. Previous studies have examined the effectiveness of online delivery of design education by virtual design studios using advanced digital technologies and equipment on a variety of platforms to teach specific design skills. In this study, the researcher uses semi-structured interviews of design educators and a survey of design students to examine their experience with their online learning environment during the 2020 school year. The qualitative and quantitative results of the study shed light on the challenges of online design studio learning during the pandemic and revealed opportunities for improving future design studio education. Lack of social interactions during the pandemic online learning impacted students' motivation. The use of digital technologies improved communication efficiency, but there is also ineffective communication that negatively affected peer interaction and learning, which in turn affected student learning outcomes and learning satisfaction compared to in-person design studios. The results also revealed openings to promote fully online design education, with studio courses reconfigured using the Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK) framework and with properly trained design instructors. This hybrid learning environment would lead to students receiving an optimal learning experience that benefits from the advantages of in-person instructions along with the efficiency of digital technology-based learning platforms. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)

Conceptualizing dimensions and a model for digital pedagogy

The global COVID-19 pandemic has caused a rising interest in the use of digital pedagogies and the need to teach remotely. This article aims to conceptualize the dimensions described below and offer a model for digital pedagogy to provide tools for using digital technologies in teaching. The model for digital pedagogy is discussed in terms of three dimensions: 1) pedagogical orientation;2) pedagogical practices;and 3) the digital pedagogical competencies it provides for the teacher. This study examines how the dimensions of digital pedagogy are presented in the current research literature. The research is conducted through a systematic literature review surveying articles published in the years 2014 to 2019;a total of 12 articles are included in the review. The findings suggest that, first, in many cases, pedagogical orientation is labeled as socio-constructivist and student-centered. Second, pedagogical practices are the methods used to promote students' learning;they involve, for example, collaboration and social knowledge construction. Finally, in addition to technological, pedagogical, and content knowledge, teachers' success in blending digital technologies into their teaching is improved by high self-efficacy and strong peer-collaboration skills. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)